Journal of Infection and Public Health
Volume 4, Issue 5 , Pages 219-227 , November 2011

Type-specific prevalence of Human Papillomavirus infection among women in the Northwest Territories, Canada

  • Y. Jiang

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), 785 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
    • ,
  • P. Brassard

      Affiliations

    • Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Center, 687 Des Pins West, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A1
    • ,
  • A. Severini

      Affiliations

    • National Microbiology Laboratory, PHAC, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3E 3R2
    • ,
  • V. Goleski

      Affiliations

    • National Microbiology Laboratory, PHAC, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3E 3R2
    • ,
  • M. Santos

      Affiliations

    • Department of Health and Social Services, CST-6, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada X1A 2L9
    • ,
  • A. Leamon

      Affiliations

    • Department of Health and Social Services, CST-6, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada X1A 2L9
    • ,
  • S. Chatwood

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Circumpolar Health Research, 102-5405 49 Ave., Yellowknife, NWT, Canada X1A 3X7
    • University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 3M7
    • ,
  • C. Lys

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Circumpolar Health Research, 102-5405 49 Ave., Yellowknife, NWT, Canada X1A 3X7
    • ,
  • G. Johnson

      Affiliations

    • Dynacare Kasper Medical Laboratories, 200.10150 102 Street, Edmonton, AB, Canada T5J 5E2
    • ,
  • T. Wong

      Affiliations

    • University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 3M7
    • Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, PHAC, 200 Eglantine Driveway, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
    • ,
  • A. Kotaska

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stanton Territorial Hospital, BOX 10, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada X1A 2N1
    • ,
  • K. Kandola

      Affiliations

    • Department of Health and Social Services, CST-6, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada X1A 2L9
    • ,
  • Y. Mao

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), 785 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 61 3 957 1765; fax: +1 61 3 941 2633.

Received 9 May 2011 ,Revised 15 September 2011 ,Accepted 20 September 2011.

References 

  1. Canadian cancer statistics. Canadian Cancer Society; 2010;Available from: www.cancer.ca/statistics
  2. Young TK, Kliewer E, Blanchard J, Mayer T. Monitoring disease burden and preventive behavior with data linkage: cervical cancer among Aboriginal people in Manitoba, Canada. Am J Public Health. 2000;90(9):1466–1468
  3. Circumpolar Inuit Cancer Review Working Group . Cancer among the circumpolar Inuit, 1989–2003 II. Patterns and Trends Circumpolar Inuit. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2008;67(5):408–420
  4. Annual population estimates by community & other characteristics of the Northwest Territories. NWT Bureau of Statistics; 2009;Available from: http://www.stats.gov.nt.ca/Statinfo/Demographics/population/popest.html
  5. Kjaer SK, Nielsen NH. Cancer of the female genital tract in Circumpolar Inuit. Acta Oncol. 1996;35(5):581–587
  6. Public Health Agency of Canada . Cervical cancer screening in Canada: 1998 surveillance report. Public Health Agency of Canada; 2002;Available from: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/ccsic-dccuac/chap_5-eng.php
  7. Clifford GM, Smith JS, Plummer M, Munoz N, Franceschi S. Human papillomavirus types in invasive cervical cancer worldwide: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer. 2003;88(1):63–73
  8. Munoz N, Bosch FX, de SS, Herrero R, Castellsague X, Shah KV, et al. Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(6):518–527
  9. Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, Bosch FX, Kummer JA, Shah KV, et al. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol. 1999 Sep;189(1):12–19
  10. Ho GY, Bierman R, Beardsley L, Chang CJ, Burk RD. Natural history of cervicovaginal papillomavirus infection in young women. N Engl J Med. 1998;338(7):423–428
  11. Kjaer SK, Frederiksen K, Munk C, Iftner T. Long-term absolute risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse following human papillomavirus infection: role of persistence. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010;102(19):1478–1488
  12. Canadian Partnership Against Cancer . 2010 system performance report. Canadian Partnership Against Cancer; 2010;Available from: http://www.partnershipagainstcancer.ca/wp-content/uploads/system_performance_2010_EN.pdf
  13. Solomon D, Davey D, Kurman R, Moriarty A, O‘Connor D, Prey M, et al. The 2001 Bethesda System: terminology for reporting results of cervical cytology. JAMA. 2002;287(16):2114–2119
  14. Apgar BS, Zoschnick L, Wright TC. The 2001 Bethesda System terminology. Am Fam Physician. 2003;68(10):1992–1998
  15. Bouvard V, Baan R, Straif K, Grosse Y, Secretan B, Ghissassi Fea EI. A review of human carcinogens—part B: biological agents. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10:321–322
  16. Gravitt PE, Peyton CL, Alessi TQ, Wheeler CM, Coutlée F, Hildesheim A, et al. Improved amplification of genital human papillomaviruses. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38(January (1)):357–361
  17. de Roda Husman AM, Walboomers JM, van den Brule AJ, Meijer CJ, Snijders PJ. The use of general primers GP5 and GP6 elongated at their 3′ ends with adjacent highly conserved sequences improves human papillomavirus detection by PCR. J Gen Virol. 1995;76:1057–1062
  18. Luminex xMAP technology. Luminex Corporation; 2010;Available from: http://www.luminexcorp.com/
  19. Goleski VA, Dawood M, Ratnam S, Severini A. Luminex®-based assay for multiplex genotyping of 45 mucosal human papillomavirus types. In: Eurogin 2008 conference. Nice, France, November 12–15. 2010;
  20. Rebbapragada A, Perusini S, Di Prima A, Salit I, Goleski V, Ratnam S, et al. Evaluation of test performance characteristics and operational parameters of 5 HPV genotyping assays. In: 26th international papillomavirus conference. Montreal, Canada, July 3–8. 2010;
  21. Newcombe RG. Two-sided confidence intervals for the single proportion: comparison of seven methods. Stat Med. 1998;17(April (8)):857–872Available from: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/3156/PDFSTART
  22. de Villiers EM, Fauquet C, Broker TR, Bernard HU, Zur HH. Classification of papillomaviruses. Virology. 2004;324(1):17–27
  23. Schiffman M, Herrero R, Desalle R, Hildesheim A, Wacholder S, Rodriguez AC, et al. The carcinogenicity of human papillomavirus types reflects viral evolution. Virology. 2005;337(1):76–84
  24. Fleiss JL. Inference about population attributable risk from cross-sectional studies. Am J Epidemiol. 1979;110(August (2)):103–104Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/313702
  25. Healey SM, Aronson KJ, Mao Y, Schlecht NF, Mery LS, Ferenczy A, et al. Oncogenic human papillomavirus infection and cervical lesions in Aboriginal women of Nunavut, Canada. Sex Transm Dis. 2001;28(12):694–700
  26. Hamlin-Douglas LK, Coutlee F, Roger M, Franco EL, Brassard P. Prevalence and age distribution of human papillomavirus infection in a population of Inuit women in Nunavik, Quebec. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(11):3141–3149
  27. Moore RA, Ogilvie G, Fornika D, Moravan V, Brisson M, Mirabbasi-Beik M, et al. Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in 5,000 British Columbia women-implications for vaccination. Cancer Causes Control. 2009;
  28. Sellors JW, Mahony JB, Kaczorowski J, Lytwyn A, Bangura H, Chong S, et al. Prevalence and predictors of human papillomavirus infection in women in Ontario, Canada. Survey of HPV in Ontario Women (SHOW) Group. CMAJ. 2000;163(5):503–508
  29. Pannier-Stockman C, Segard C, Bennamar S, Gondry J, Boulanger JC, Sevestre H, et al. Prevalence of HPV genotypes determined by PCR and DNA sequencing in cervical specimens from French women with or without abnormalities. J Clin Virol. 2008;42(4):353–360
  30. Kulmala SM, Shabalova IP, Petrovitchev N, Syrjanen KJ, Gyllensten UB, Syrjanen SM. Prevalence of the most common high-risk HPV genotypes among women in three new independent states of the former Soviet Union. J Med Virol. 2007;79(6):771–781
  31. Kjaer SK, Breugelmans G, Munk C, Junge J, Watson M, Iftner T. Population-based prevalence, type- and age-specific distribution of HPV in women before introduction of an HPV-vaccination program in Denmark. Int J Cancer. 2008;123(8):1864–1870
  32. Nielsen A, Kjaer SK, Munk C, Iftner T. Type-specific HPV infection and multiple HPV types: prevalence and risk factor profile in nearly 12,000 younger and older Danish women. Sex Transm Dis. 2008;35(3):276–282
  33. Dunne EF, Unger ER, Sternberg M, McQuillan G, Swan DC, Patel SS, et al. Prevalence of HPV infection among females in the United States. JAMA. 2007;297(8):813–819
  34. Kitchener HC, Almonte M, Wheeler P, Desai M, Gilham C, Bailey A, et al. HPV testing in routine cervical screening: cross sectional data from the ARTISTIC trial. Br J Cancer. 2006;95(1):56–61
  35. Ronco G, Ghisetti V, Segnan N, Snijders PJ, Gillio-Tos A, Meijer CJ, et al. Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in women in Turin, Italy. Eur J Cancer. 2005;41(2):297–305
  36. Rama CH, Roteli-Martins CM, Derchain SF, Longatto-Filho A, Gontijo RC, Sarian LO, et al. Prevalence of genital HPV infection among women screened for cervical cancer. Rev Saude Publica. 2008;42(1):123–130
  37. Coupe VM, Berkhof J, Bulkmans NW, Snijders PJ, Meijer CJ. Age-dependent prevalence of 14 high-risk HPV types in the Netherlands: implications for prophylactic vaccination and screening. Br J Cancer. 2008;98(3):646–651
  38. Young TK, McNicol P, Beauvais J. Factors associated with human papillomavirus infection detected by polymerase chain reaction among urban Canadian Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal women. Sex Transm Dis. 1997;24(5):293–298
  39. Herrero R, Castle PE, Schiffman M, Bratti MC, Hildesheim A, Morales J, et al. Epidemiologic profile of type-specific human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia in Guanacaste, Costa Rica. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(11):1796–1807
  40. Franceschi S, Herrero R, Clifford GM, Snijders PJ, Arslan A, Anh PT, et al. Variations in the age-specific curves of human papillomavirus prevalence in women worldwide. Int J Cancer. 2006;119(11):2677–2684
  41. Koshiol J, Lindsay L, Pimenta JM, Poole C, Jenkins D, Smith JS. Persistent human papillomavirus infection and cervical neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;168(2):123–137Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18483125
  42. Kulasingam SL, Hughes JP, Kiviat NB, Mao C, Weiss NS, Kuypers JM, et al. Evaluation of human papillomavirus testing in primary screening for cervical abnormalities: comparison of sensitivity, specificity, and frequency of referral. JAMA. 2002;288(14):1749–1757
  43. Giuliano AR, Papenfuss M, Abrahamsen M, Denman C, De Zapien JG, Henze JL, et al. Human papillomavirus infection at the United States–Mexico border: implications for cervical cancer prevention and control. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001;10(11):1129–1136
  44. Peyton CL, Gravitt PE, Hunt WC, Hundley RS, Zhao M, Apple RJ, et al. Determinants of genital human papillomavirus detection in a US population. J Infect Dis. 2001;183(11):1554–1564

☆ This study was financially supported by the Government of Canada International Polar Year Program and the Public Health Agency of Canada. P. Brassard was supported by a clinician scientist career award from the Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Quebec (FRSQ).

PII: S1876-0341(11)00101-8

doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2011.09.006

Journal of Infection and Public Health
Volume 4, Issue 5 , Pages 219-227 , November 2011

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution